cat: /var/opt/gitlab/gitlab-rails/VERSION: No such file or directory
...
/opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/3.1.0/securerandom.rb:75:in `urandom': failed to get urandom (RuntimeError)
看起来是 数据卷未正确挂载,检查挂载路径是否正确,如你的宿主机挂载路径是在 /srv/gitlab/data下,可以检查下 ls -l /srv/gitlab/data/gitlab-rails/下的文件